What type of wave is described by the term 'Surface Wave'?

The term 'Surface Wave' specifically refers to a type of wave that travels along the surface of a medium, rather than through its bulk. Among the options, Rayleigh waves are indeed a specific type of surface wave that occurs in solids and are commonly generated in seismic activity. They are characterized by an elliptical motion of particles, which occurs both vertically and horizontally, causing a rolling motion.

Surface waves, like Rayleigh waves, are significant in various applications, including nondestructive testing, as they can reveal important information about the properties and structural integrity of materials. While other types of waves exist, such as longitudinal or compression waves, they propagate through the material and not specifically along its surface. Mechanical waves encompass both surface and body waves, but Rayleigh waves are the particular type that is identified as surface waves in the context of wave types in nondestructive testing.