Which of the following factors does NOT affect the velocity of sound waves in a material?

The velocity of sound waves in a material is influenced by several factors, including the material type, the mode of vibration, and the ambient temperature. Each of these factors affects the physical properties of the material through which the sound waves travel.

The material type determines how tightly the atoms are packed and how they interact with each other, directly impacting the speed at which sound travels. For instance, sound travels faster in solids than in liquids or gases due to the closer proximity of particles in solids.

The mode of vibration refers to the specific way sound waves propagate through the material, which can differ based on factors like the material's structure and stiffness. This modal behavior can therefore alter the velocity of sound within that material.

Ambient temperature plays a role as well, particularly in gases and to some extent in liquids. As temperature increases, particles gain kinetic energy, which typically results in an increase in the velocity of sound waves.

In contrast, the wavelength of a sound wave does not affect the sound wave's velocity in a given medium. The relationship between wavelength, frequency, and velocity is described by the equation velocity = frequency × wavelength. While wavelength can change with frequency in a particular medium, it does not influence the velocity itself; rather, the velocity remains constant for a